The words Dog Breed Info with the letter D inside of a black paw print

The Purebred Yorkshire Terrier

Information and Pictures

A small tan with black toy sized dog with a black nose, wide round brown eyes and small perk ears that are slightly pinned back. It has lighter tan  hair on its head and longer hair around the top of its eyes and wavy hair on its belly and legs. Its tongue is sticking out as it pants. It has a pink collar on with a silver dog ID tag and a bell hanging from it.

Sonny the Yorkshire Terrier at 5 years old

Other Names

Yorkie

Pronunciation

YORK-shur TAIR-ee-uhrspeaker

Description

The Yorkshire Terrier is a small, toy-sized dog. The small head is rather flat on the top, with a medium-sized muzzle. The teeth meet in a scissors or level bite. The nose is black. The medium-sized eyes are dark with dark eye rims. The erect ears are V-shaped. All four legs are straight when viewed from the front. The round feet have black toenails. Dewclaws are usually removed. The tail is customarily docked to a medium length and carried somewhat higher than the back. Note: it is illegal to dock tails in most parts of Europe. The long, glossy coat is fine and silky and falls straight down on either side. The coat comes in a steel blue and tan color. The body and tail are blue and the rest of the dog is tan. Puppies are brown, black and tan. The hair on the head is so abundant that it is almost always necessary to gather it in a band to keep from going into the dog's food bowl and to give the animal maximum visibility. Some owners choose to trim the hair on top of the head.

Temperament

Yorkshire Terriers seem oblivious of their small size. They are very eager for adventure. This little dog is highly energetic, brave, loyal and clever. With owners who take the time to understand how to treat a small dog, the Yorkie is a wonderful companion! It is affectionate with its master, but if humans are not this dog's pack leader, it can become suspicious of strangers and aggressive to strange dogs and small animals. It can also become yappy, as the dog does their best to tell you what IT wants YOU to do. It has a true terrier heritage and needs someone who understands how to be its leader. Yorkies are often only recommended for older, considerate children, simply because they are so small, most people allow them to get away with behaviors no dog should display. This changes the dog’s temperament, as the dog starts to take over the house (Small Dog Syndrome). Yorkies that become demanding and dependent, appearing to need a lot of human attention and/or developing jealous behaviors, snapping if surprised, frightened or over-teased, have owners who need to rethink how they are treating the dog. Owners who do not instinctually meet the dog’s needs may also find them to become overprotective and become neurotic. Yorkies are easy to train, although they can sometimes be stubborn if owners do not give the dog proper boundaries. They can be difficult to housebreak. The Yorkie is an excellent watchdog. When owners display pack leadership to the Yorkshire Terrier, it is very sweet and loving and can be trusted with children. The problems only arise when owners, because of the dog’s cute little size, allow it to take over the house. The human will not even realize it; however, know if you have any of the negative behaviors listed above, it's time to look into your pack leader skills. These are truly sweet little dogs that need owners who understand how to give them gentle leadership. If you own a Yorkie that does not display any of the negative behaviors, high-five for being a good pack leader!

Height, Weight

Height: 6 - 7 inches (15 - 17½ cm)

Weight: 7 pounds (3.2 kg)

When a dog weighs 4 pounds or less full grown it is often called a teacup. To achieve this small size breeders often need to breed runts with other runts. The dogs sometimes have health problems due to their abnormal small size.

Health Problems

Some Yorkies are prone to slipped stifle, bronchitis, eye infections, early tooth decay, poor tolerance of anesthetic, and delicate digestion. Exotic treats should be avoided. They sometimes suffer paralysis in the hindquarters caused by herniated disks and other problems of the spine. Falls or knocks can cause fractures of fragile bones. Abnormal skull formations in Yorkies measuring less than 8 inches (20 cm). Dams often have trouble delivering puppies and sometimes need to have cesareans. Be sure to feed Yorkies some type of dry food or bone to chew on to help keep their teeth clean and strong. They should get their teeth cleaned at the vet to keep them from falling out and creating infection.

Living Conditions

The Yorkie is a good dog for apartment life. It is very active indoors and will do okay without a yard. The Yorkie is sensitive to the cold and prefers warm climates.

Exercise

These are active little dogs that need a daily walk. Play will take care of a lot of their exercise needs, however, as with all breeds, it will not fulfill their primal instinct to walk. Dogs that do not get to go on daily walks are more likely to display behavior problems. If your Yorkie zooms around the house like a speeding bullet, it is a sign that he needs to go on more/longer walks where he is made to heel beside or behind the human. Remember, in a dog’s mind, the leader leads the way. They will also enjoy a good romp in a safe, open area off lead, such as a large, fenced-in yard.

Life Expectancy

About 12-15 years

Litter Size

About 4 puppies

Grooming

Regular grooming is needed. A clipped coat needs daily to weekly combing and brushing. Topknot is usually tied back with ribbon. Full show coats need hours of grooming and pet owners usually choose to clip them short, giving them a shaggy look. They should have their teeth cleaned regularly. This breed sheds little to no hair.

Origin

The Yorkie was created by working men of north England, who developed the breed for catching the terrible rats and mice that infested clothing mills and mine shafts. These hunting dogs could penetrate into badger and fox burrows. The breed is not very old, but its origins are not entirely certain. However, it seems likely that Scotsmen seeking work in the woolen mills of Yorkshire brought with them various types of terrier, including the Skye Terrier, Dandie Dinmont, Manchester Terrier, Maltese and the now-extinct Clydesdale (Paisley Terrier). These were then crossed with local types, such as the longhaired Leeds Terrier. At first, the Yorkie was a much bigger animal than the one we see today, but by selectively breeding the smallest individuals, the dog was gradually miniaturized over the years. It was made into a fashion dog. Women carried these little dogs in their bags and under their arms. The Yorkshire Terrier was first recognized by the AKC in 1885.

In 1984 a piebald Yorkie was born as a result of a genetic recessive gene occurrence from two Yorkshire Terriers. Today the piebald dogs are considered a different breed which is named the Biewer or Biewer Yorkie

Recognition
  • CKC = Continental Kennel Club
  • FCI = Fédération Cynologique Internationale
  • AKC = American Kennel Club
  • UKC = United Kennel Club
  • KCGB = Kennel Club of Great Britain
  • CKC = Canadian Kennel Club
  • ANKC = Australian National Kennel Club
  • NKC = National Kennel Club
  • NZKC = New Zealand Kennel Club
  • APRI = American Pet Registry, Inc.
  • ACR = American Canine Registry
  • DRA = Dog Registry of America, Inc.
  • NAPR = North American Purebred Registry, Inc.
  • ACA = American Canine Association Inc.li
Two Yorkshire Terriers are sitting in an arm chair on top of a pillow. They are looking forward and there heads are tilted in different directions. Their bodies are shaved short with longer hair on their faces making their heads look square. They have small triangular perk ears, black noses and wide round dark eyes. The dog on the right is smaller than the dog on the left.

Yorkshire Terriers, Oliver at 10 years old (left) and Mickey at 4 years old (right)—"These adorable Yorkies are Oliver and Mickey. Mickey is the smaller one. They are very cheeky and very loving dogs. I'm sure that Oliver, AKA Ollie for short, is really a human!! They deffinately rule our household lol. We spoilt them and all they'll eat is cooked chicken which my mum cooks daily haha!"

A tiny, toy-sized, black with brown Yorkshire Terrier dog sitting on a mossy rock wearing a lime green shirt looking forward. It has dark round eyes, a black nose and the long fur on its head looks wet.

"Hello, my name is Cookie and I am a little Yorkshire Terrier from Red Poppy Pets, I love jumping and playing.

A shaved cream colored Yorkshire Terrier dog wearing a colorful scarf sitting on a tan couch looking forward. It has wide round dark eyes, a big black nose and black lips.

Allie the Yorkie at 5 years old

The front right side of a tiny little, tan with gray Yorkshire Terrier dog laying across a street and it is looking forward. It has a small head, pointy perk ears with longer hair around them, wide round dark eyes, a black nose, small paws and a docked tail.

Gia the teacup-size Yorkshire Terrier at 2 years old

The front right side of a small black with tan and brown Yorkshire Terrier dog sitting across a tiled floor and it is wearing a pink ribbon in its very long straight hair. It has perk ears.

Lili the beautiful little Yorkie from Israel

Topdown view of the back of a toy-sized, tan Yorkshire Terrier dog sitting on a pillow and it is looking to the right. The Yorkie is wearing a black T-shirt with a big pink heart on its back and it has a pink bow in its hair.

Layla the Yorkie at 3 years old—"Layla is a 3-year-old, 6.5-lb. Yorkshire Terrier. She is the perfect addition to our family, and by doing our homework in advance, we were able to avoid the problem behaviors that can occur when owning a small dog. Layla has been in a crate at night since she came home, which has really helped with potty training. About 6 months ago we were having alpha issues and bought Cesar Millan's second book which taught us how to properly walk Layla. Since taking this advice Layla now knows who is in control—and I think she really enjoys her walks more! Layla suffers from pancreatitis which is common in small breeds, however, through diet and supplements we have it under control and it isn't even a factor in her health anymore. Her numbers are all in the normal range and we were very fortunate to catch it early though twice yearly blood panels. She hates all things involving water and loves car rides (she sleeps the whole time)."

Close up - A black with brown Yorkshire Terrier puppy is sitting on a carpet and it is looking up. It has perk ears, wide round dark eyes, a small black nose and longer hair around its face and neck.

Layla the Yorkie puppy at 6 months old

A small soft, thick coated, black with brown Yorkshire Terrier puppy walking across a grass surface wearing a red bandana and it is looking up. It has small triangular ears that stand up and slightly fold over to the front with lots of hair around them.

Layla the Yorkie puppy at 4 months old

The front right side of a black with brown Yorkshire Terrier dog standing across a tiled floor in front of a burgundy wall and it is wearing a red bow in its very long thick hair. It has perk ears, round dark eyes and a black nose. The bow is holding the hair out of the dog's eyes.

Letizia, a beautiful Yorkie, photo courtesy of Kennel My Insatiable Love

Top down view of a thick coated, black with brown Yorkshire Terrier dog laying on a tan rug. It is looking up and to the left. The long hair on its face is laying flat and fringing out showing a smooth snout and wide brown eyes.

Kiwi the Yorkie at 9 months old

The left side of a long-bodied, short-legged, low to the ground wet black with brown Yorkshire Terrier dog standing across a wooden deck looking forward and its head is tilted to the right. It has very large perk ears with long fringe hair coming from them, a thin pointy snout with a black nose. It has a long tail.

Barbie Beauties Gizmo the Yorkshire Terrier

Close up head shot - A black with brown Yorkshire Terrier puppy is sitting on a rug and it is looking forward. Its perk ears flop over at the tips. The hair on its snout covers up the corners of its eyes.

This is Buddy at 10 weeks old. Wouldn't you just love to hug this adorable little fellow?!

A fluffy, thick-coated, black with brown Yorkshire Terrier puppy is standing on the side of a dog bed looking forward.

Juliet the adorable Yorkie could pass for a stuffed toy, but she is indeed a real dog :)

See more examples of the Yorkshire Terrier